
The Mier Expedition was the last and the most disastrous of the raiding expeditions made from Texas into the area south of the Nueces River. Launched in November 1842 by a Texas militia, the attack was initiated partly in hopes of financial gain and partly in retaliation for the Dawson Massacre, during which the Mexican army killed thirty-six Texans.
The resulting battle ended bloodily. Some 650 Mexicans died, and 200 were wounded. The surviving Texans were taken prisoner. A few weeks later the majority of the prisoners escaped into the mountainous Mexican desert, only to be recaptured shortly thereafter. They were moved to El Rancho Salado, where it was agreed that one out of every ten of the 178 prisoners would be executed.
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